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Learn: The Heart and Blood Vessels
Edexcel A Level Biology SNAB A
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Welcome!Today we'll learn about the heart and blood vessels, vital components of the cardiovascular system. This lesson is tailored to help you understand their structure and function step by step.
What is the Cardiovascular System?The cardiovascular system is responsible for transporting blood, oxygen, nutrients, and waste products around the body. It includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood itself, ensuring efficient circulation.
The HeartThe heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. It is divided into four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. The heart works continuously, maintaining the flow of oxygenated blood to tissues and removing carbon dioxide.
Quick check: How many chambers does the heart have?
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Blood VesselsThere are three main types of blood vessels: arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins return blood to the heart, and capillaries are small vessels where gas exchange occurs.
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Double Circulatory SystemHumans have a double circulatory system. Blood flows through the heart twice during each complete circuit: once to the lungs (pulmonary circulation) and once to the body (systemic circulation).
The {{blank0}} circulation transports blood to the lungs, while the {{blank1}} circulation transports blood to the rest of the body.
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Valves in the HeartValves ensure blood flows in one direction through the heart. The main valves are the atrioventricular valves (between the atria and ventricles) and the semilunar valves (leading out of the heart).
Which of the following are functions of heart valves? (Select all that apply)
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Blood PressureBlood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood on vessel walls. It is measured in two values: systolic (during heart contraction) and diastolic (during heart relaxation).
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Review Time!Great work! You've learned about the heart, blood vessels, double circulation, valves, and blood pressure. Now let's test your understanding of these concepts.
Which blood vessel allows gas exchange?
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Which of the following are part of the cardiovascular system? (Select all that apply)
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Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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