AQA · GCSE
Your journey to excellence inCombined Science
By Revision Genie
I want to study…
Start learning
Start with the first Combined Science lesson.
What makes a good scientific question
1What makes a good scientific questionRead next2Writing a testable hypothesisRead next3Variables: independent, dependent and controlRead next4Choosing apparatus for accuracy and precisionRead next5Risk assessment: hazards and control measuresRead next6Valid method vs reliable methodRead next7Recording results in tables with unitsRead next8Using range and mean to describe dataRead next9Spotting anomalies and justifying exclusionRead next10Random error vs systematic errorRead next11Precision, repeatability and reproducibilityRead next12Drawing and interpreting graphs (line, bar, scatter)Read next13Gradient, intercept and what they meanRead next14Using proportionality and orders of magnitudeRead next15Communicating conclusions using evidenceRead next16Evaluating claims and the role of peer reviewRead next
Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cells
1Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic cellsRead next2Organelles in animal cells and what they doRead next3Plant cell structures and what they doRead next4Bacterial cell structures including plasmidsRead next5Cell size and scale calculations (standard form)Read next6Specialised animal cells: sperm, nerve, muscleRead next7Specialised plant cells: root hair, xylem, phloemRead next8Cell differentiation in animals and plantsRead next9Light microscope vs electron microscopeRead next10Magnification calculations: image size and real sizeRead next11Chromosomes, genes and DNA basicsRead next12The cell cycle overviewRead next13Mitosis: why it matters (growth and repair)Read next14Stem cells in embryos, adults and meristemsRead next15Stem cells: uses, risks and ethicsRead next16Diffusion across membranesRead next17Surface area to volume ratio and exchange needsRead next18Osmosis in plant and animal cellsRead next19Required practical: microscopy of plant and animal cellsRead next20Required practical: osmosis in plant tissueRead next
Cells, tissues, organs and organ systems
1Cells, tissues, organs and organ systemsRead next2The digestive system: organs and overall functionRead next3Enzymes as biological catalystsRead next4Lock-and-key model of enzyme actionRead next5Factors affecting enzyme activity (temperature and pH)Read next6Amylase, protease and lipase: where made and what they doRead next7Bile: neutralisation and emulsificationRead next8Absorption in the small intestine and villi adaptationsRead next9The heart: double circulatory system overviewRead next10Blood vessels: arteries, veins and capillaries (structure–function)Read next11The lungs: trachea, bronchi and alveoliRead next12Gas exchange at alveoli (diffusion and blood supply)Read next13Heart rate control: natural pacemaker and artificial pacemakersRead next14Blood components: plasma, red cells, white cells, plateletsRead next15Coronary heart disease and reduced blood flowRead next16Stents, statins, valves, transplants and artificial heartsRead next17Health vs disease and interacting diseasesRead next18Risk factors, correlation and causation in health dataRead next19Lifestyle factors and non-communicable diseasesRead next20Cancer: benign vs malignant tumours and spreadRead next21Plant tissues: epidermis, palisade, spongy mesophyll, xylem, phloem, meristemRead next22Leaf structure including stomata and guard cellsRead next23Transpiration and factors affecting rateRead next24Translocation in phloem (what moves and where)Read next25Required practical: food tests (Benedict’s, iodine, Biuret)Read next26Required practical: effect of pH on amylaseRead next
Pathogens and how they cause disease
1Pathogens and how they cause diseaseRead next2Communicable vs non-communicable diseasesRead next3Spread of disease: direct contact, water and airRead next4Viral disease case studies: measles, HIV, TMVRead next5Bacterial disease case studies: salmonella, gonorrhoeaRead next6Fungal disease case study: rose black spotRead next7Protist disease case study: malaria life cycle and controlRead next8Non-specific defences: skin and physical barriersRead next9Non-specific defences: nose, trachea/bronchi and stomach acidRead next10White blood cells: phagocytosisRead next11White blood cells: antibodies and antitoxinsRead next12Vaccination and immune memoryRead next13Herd immunity and limiting spreadRead next14Antibiotics: what they do and what they don’t doRead next15Painkillers vs antibiotics (symptom relief vs killing pathogens)Read next16Drug discovery: natural products and synthesisRead next17Preclinical testing: cells, tissues and animalsRead next18Clinical trials: volunteers, patients and doseRead next19Double-blind trials and placebo controlRead next
Photosynthesis word equation and symbol recognition
1Photosynthesis word equation and symbol recognitionRead next2Photosynthesis as an endothermic reactionRead next3Chloroplasts and chlorophyll: where photosynthesis happensRead next4Limiting factors: light, CO₂, temperature, chlorophyllRead next5Measuring photosynthesis rate using bubbles or biomass changeRead next6Interpreting single-factor photosynthesis graphsRead next7Higher tier: identifying limiting factor from multi-factor graphsRead next8Higher tier: inverse square law for light intensityRead next9Glucose uses: respiration, starch storage, fats/oilsRead next10Glucose uses: cellulose and amino acids (nitrates)Read next11Respiration as an exothermic reaction in cellsRead next12Aerobic respiration word equation and symbolsRead next13Anaerobic respiration in muscles and lactic acidRead next14Anaerobic respiration in yeast/plants: fermentationRead next15Exercise response: heart rate and breathing changesRead next16Oxygen debt and fatigueRead next17Higher tier: lactic acid processing in the liverRead next18Metabolism as the sum of chemical reactionsRead next19Building and breaking down carbohydrates, lipids and proteinsRead next20Urea formation from excess protein breakdownRead next21Required practical: light intensity and photosynthesis rateRead next
What homeostasis means and why it matters
1What homeostasis means and why it mattersRead next2The nervous system: CNS and peripheral nervesRead next3Reflex actions and the reflex arcRead next4Synapses and neurotransmitters (basics)Read next5The endocrine system and hormones overviewRead next6Control of blood glucose: insulin and glucagonRead next7Type 1 vs Type 2 diabetes (cause and management)Read next8Negative feedback in control systemsRead next9Thermoregulation: sweating and vasodilationRead next10Thermoregulation: shivering and vasoconstrictionRead next11Kidney function overview and filtrationRead next12Reabsorption of glucose and ions (selective reabsorption)Read next13Osmoregulation and water balanceRead next14ADH and control of water reabsorptionRead next15Plant hormones overview (auxin as the key example)Read next16Phototropism and gravitropism using auxinRead next17Required practical: reaction time and stimulusRead next18Required practical: investigating plant responses (e.g., growth/auxin)Read next
DNA, genes and chromosomes recap
1DNA, genes and chromosomes recapRead next2Mitosis vs meiosis (what each produces)Read next3Meiosis and genetic variationRead next4Sexual vs asexual reproduction (advantages and disadvantages)Read next5Genetic terminology: allele, genotype and phenotypeRead next6Punnett squares for monohybrid inheritanceRead next7Inherited disorders (example contexts)Read next8Variation: genetic vs environmental causesRead next9Mutation: what it is and what it can lead toRead next10Evolution by natural selectionRead next11Evidence for evolution: fossils and antibiotic resistanceRead next12Selective breeding and its outcomesRead next13Genetic engineering overview and examples (e.g., crops)Read next14Classification and the three-domain system (overview)Read next15Speciation basicsRead next16Resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistanceRead next17Required practical: variation and distribution using samplingRead next
Levels of organisation: individual to ecosystem
1Levels of organisation: individual to ecosystemRead next2Abiotic factors and how they affect communitiesRead next3Biotic interactions: competition and predationRead next4Adaptations and survival in habitatsRead next5Sampling techniques: quadrats and transectsRead next6Estimating population size and making it reliableRead next7Food chains and trophic levelsRead next8Pyramids of biomass and energy transferRead next9Decomposition and decay conditionsRead next10Carbon cycle and why it mattersRead next11Water cycle and why it mattersRead next12Recycling materials in ecosystemsRead next13Biodiversity and how to measure itRead next14Human impacts: land use, pollution and climate changeRead next15Maintaining biodiversity: conservation strategiesRead next16Food security and sustainable farmingRead next17Peat formation and carbon storesRead next18Required practical: fieldwork sampling with quadrats/transectsRead next
Atoms, elements and compounds
1Atoms, elements and compoundsRead next2Subatomic particles and relative charge/massRead next3Atomic number and mass numberRead next4Isotopes and why they differRead next5Electronic structure for the first 20 elementsRead next6Periods and groups: what they showRead next7Development of the periodic table (Mendeleev)Read next8Metals vs non-metals in the tableRead next9Group 0: noble gases and unreactivityRead next10Group 1: alkali metals and trends in reactivityRead next11Group 7: halogens and displacementRead next12Transition metals properties (overview)Read next13Required practical: investigating reactivity trends (where taught)Read next
Ionic bonding: formation of ions
1Ionic bonding: formation of ionsRead next2Ionic structures and properties (mp/bp, conductivity)Read next3Covalent bonding: sharing electronsRead next4Simple molecular substances and their propertiesRead next5Giant covalent structures: diamond and graphiteRead next6Graphene and fullerenes (overview)Read next7Metallic bonding and metal propertiesRead next8States of matter and particle modelRead next9Changes of state and energyRead next10Internal energy and temperature vs energy storeRead next11Density calculations and unitsRead next12Nanoparticles: properties and usesRead next13Polymers basics and propertiesRead next14Required practical: separating mixtures (where taught)Read next15Required practical: investigating properties of materialsRead next
Relative formula mass and moles idea
1Relative formula mass and moles ideaRead next2Calculating moles from massRead next3Calculating mass from molesRead next4Balancing symbol equationsRead next5Conservation of mass in reactionsRead next6Limiting reactants (Higher tier focus)Read next7Yield and why it can be lowRead next8Percentage yield calculationsRead next9Atom economy and sustainable processesRead next10Concentration in g/dm³ and mol/dm³Read next11Titration calculations (Combined Science level)Read next12Required practical: titration or concentration (where taught)Read next
Acids, alkalis and neutralisation
1Acids, alkalis and neutralisationRead next2pH scale and indicatorsRead next3Strong vs weak acids (concentration vs strength)Read next4Reactions of acids with metalsRead next5Reactions of acids with bases and carbonatesRead next6Making salts: different methodsRead next7Electrolysis basics and ionic movementRead next8Electrolysis of molten ionic compoundsRead next9Electrolysis of aqueous solutions (rules)Read next10Half equations (Higher tier focus)Read next11Required practical: preparation of a saltRead next12Required practical: electrolysis observationsRead next
Exothermic vs endothermic reactions
1Exothermic vs endothermic reactionsRead next2Reaction profiles and activation energyRead next3Bond breaking and bond making (energy)Read next4Calculating energy change using bond energies (Higher tier focus)Read next5Cells and batteries as chemical energy storesRead next6Fuel combustion and energy transferRead next7Required practical: temperature change in reactionsRead next
Collision theory basics
1Collision theory basicsRead next2Factors affecting rate: temperatureRead next3Factors affecting rate: concentration/pressureRead next4Factors affecting rate: surface areaRead next5Catalysts and enzymes (chemistry view)Read next6Measuring rate: mass loss, gas volume, precipitateRead next7Required practical: rate of reaction (e.g., magnesium + acid)Read next8Reversible reactions and dynamic equilibriumRead next9Le Chatelier’s principle: temperature changesRead next10Le Chatelier’s principle: pressure changesRead next11Le Chatelier’s principle: concentration changesRead next12Haber process as an equilibrium case study (overview)Read next
Crude oil as a finite resource
1Crude oil as a finite resourceRead next2Fractional distillation of crude oilRead next3Hydrocarbons and homologous seriesRead next4Alkanes: properties and combustionRead next5Alkenes: double bond and reactivityRead next6Cracking: conditions and productsRead next7Polymerisation of alkenesRead next8Making and using plastics (properties and issues)Read next9Alcohols and carboxylic acids (overview at Combined level)Read next10Required practical: cracking demonstration (where taught)Read next
Pure substances, formulations and mixtures
1Pure substances, formulations and mixturesRead next2Chromatography basicsRead next3Required practical: paper chromatographyRead next4Interpreting chromatograms and Rf values (Higher tier focus)Read next5Identifying gases: tests for H₂, O₂, CO₂, Cl₂Read next6Flame tests for metal ionsRead next7Tests for carbonate, sulfate and halide ionsRead next8Instrumental analysis overview (flame emission spectroscopy)Read next9Using spectroscopy data qualitatively (Combined level)Read next
Earth’s early atmosphere (overview)
1Earth’s early atmosphere (overview)Read next2How oxygen increased (photosynthesis)Read next3Carbon dioxide changes over timeRead next4Atmospheric composition todayRead next5Greenhouse effect basicsRead next6Human activities and global warmingRead next7Climate change evidence and impacts (exam context)Read next8Common pollutants: CO, SO₂, NOx, particulatesRead next9Acid rain: formation and effectsRead next10Reducing pollution: catalytic converters and regulationsRead next
Using Earth’s resources and sustainability
1Using Earth’s resources and sustainabilityRead next2Potable water and how it’s producedRead next3Waste water treatment stagesRead next4Desalination and its energy costRead next5Life cycle assessment (LCA) basicsRead next6Reduce, reuse, recycle strategiesRead next7Corrosion and preventing rustRead next8Alloys and improving propertiesRead next9Ceramics, polymers and compositesRead next10Haber process and fertilisers (resource implications)Read next11Required practical: potable water / purification (where taught)Read next
Energy stores and energy pathways
1Energy stores and energy pathwaysRead next2Conservation of energy in systemsRead next3Calculating work done (force and distance)Read next4Kinetic energy calculationsRead next5Gravitational potential energy calculationsRead next6Elastic potential energy calculationsRead next7Power and efficiency calculationsRead next8Sankey diagrams and energy transferRead next9Heating and insulation in buildingsRead next10Specific heat capacity and heating curves (Combined level)Read next11Required practical: specific heat capacity or insulation comparisonRead next12Required practical: energy transfers (e.g., cooling)Read next
Circuit symbols and circuit diagrams
1Circuit symbols and circuit diagramsRead next2Current, potential difference and resistanceRead next3Series circuits: current and voltage rulesRead next4Parallel circuits: current and voltage rulesRead next5Resistance and I–V characteristics (qualitative)Read next6LDRs and thermistors in circuitsRead next7Required practical: I–V characteristics (resistor/filament/diode)Read next8Power in electrical devices (P=IV)Read next9Domestic electricity: mains, plugs and safetyRead next10Energy transfer and cost (kWh)Read next11Static electricity and electric fields (overview)Read next
Density and rearranging the equation
1Density and rearranging the equationRead next2Internal energy and changes of stateRead next3Specific latent heat (Combined level)Read next4Gas pressure and particle explanationsRead next5Temperature and pressure in gasesRead next6Required practical: density of regular/irregular objectsRead next7Required practical: heating and cooling curves (where taught)Read next
Structure of the atom (nucleus and electrons)
1Structure of the atom (nucleus and electrons)Read next2Radioactive decay as a random processRead next3Alpha, beta and gamma propertiesRead next4Penetration and shieldingRead next5Half-life and decay curves (Combined level)Read next6Nuclear equations (Combined level)Read next7Uses and risks of nuclear radiationRead next8Background radiation sourcesRead next9Nuclear fission and nuclear reactors (overview)Read next10Nuclear fusion (overview)Read next11Required practical: radiation and shielding/absorption (where taught)Read next
Contact and non-contact forces
1Contact and non-contact forcesRead next2Resultant force and motionRead next3Distance–time graphsRead next4Velocity–time graphs and accelerationRead next5Newton’s laws overviewRead next6Stopping distance and thinking/braking distanceRead next7Momentum basics and conservation (Combined level)Read next8Forces and elasticity (Hooke’s law)Read next9Required practical: force and extensionRead next10Required practical: acceleration investigation (trolley/ramp)Read next11Pressure in fluids (Combined level)Read next
Transverse vs longitudinal waves
1Transverse vs longitudinal wavesRead next2Wave speed equation and rearrangingRead next3Frequency, period and wavelengthRead next4Reflection and refraction basicsRead next5Sound waves and hearing rangeRead next6Ultrasound uses (medical and industrial)Read next7Electromagnetic spectrum order and usesRead next8Properties of EM waves (travel at same speed in vacuum)Read next9Required practical: wave properties (ripple tank or string)Read next10Required practical: reflection/refraction (where taught)Read next
Permanent magnets and magnetic fields
1Permanent magnets and magnetic fieldsRead next2Magnetic field patterns and plottingRead next3The motor effect basics (force on a conductor)Read next4Fleming’s left-hand rule (Combined level)Read next5Electromagnets and factors affecting strengthRead next6Solenoids and relays (applications)Read next7Induction: generating electricity (overview)Read next8Transformers basics (Combined level)Read next9Required practical: building/testing electromagnets (where taught)Read next