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Learn: The Heart and Blood Vessels
Edexcel A Level Biology SNAB A
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Welcome!Welcome to today's lesson on The Heart and Blood Vessels. We'll explore how the heart works, the structure of blood vessels, and why they're essential for transporting substances around the body.
What is the heart?The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood around the body. It ensures oxygen and nutrients are delivered to cells and waste products like carbon dioxide are removed.
Structure of the heartThe heart has four chambers: two atria (upper chambers) and two ventricles (lower chambers). The atria receive blood, while the ventricles pump it out to the lungs or body.
Which chambers of the heart pump blood out to the lungs and body?
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Blood vesselsBlood vessels are the tubes that transport blood throughout the body. They can be divided into three main types: arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Types of blood vessels- Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart. They have thick walls to withstand high pressure.- Veins: Carry blood back to the heart. They have valves to prevent backflow.- Capillaries: Tiny vessels where exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste occurs between blood and tissues.
The {{blank0}} carry blood away from the heart, while the {{blank1}} carry blood back to the heart.
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The cardiac cycleThe cardiac cycle describes the sequence of events in one heartbeat. It consists of systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation).During systole, the ventricles contract to pump blood out. During diastole, the heart relaxes to fill with blood.
What happens during systole?
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Blood pressureBlood pressure is the force of blood against artery walls. It has two measurements: systolic (pressure during heartbeat) and diastolic (pressure when the heart rests).
Which of the following are true about blood pressure? (Select all that apply)
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Coronary arteriesThe coronary arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle itself. Blockages here can lead to heart attacks.
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Review Time!Great work! You've learned about the heart, blood vessels, the cardiac cycle, and blood pressure. Now let's test your understanding.
Which blood vessels have valves?
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The heart has {{blank0}} chambers: two upper chambers called {{blank1}} and two lower chambers called {{blank2}}.
Start the lesson to answer this fill in the blank question
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
Start the lesson to answer this matching question
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