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Learn: The French Revolution, c1780–99
iGCSE History [Edexcel] 4HI1
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Welcome!Today we'll explore the French Revolution, c1780–99, an important event that transformed France and influenced the world. Let's dive into the causes, key events, and consequences of this dramatic period in history!
What was the French Revolution?The French Revolution was a period of radical social, political, and economic change in France. It began in 1789 and led to the end of absolute monarchy, the rise of revolutionary ideas, and the establishment of a republic. It also influenced other countries in their struggles for democracy and equality.
Causes of the French RevolutionSeveral factors led to the French Revolution. These included political inequality under absolute monarchy, economic hardship due to debt and poor harvests, and social unrest among the estates (classes). Enlightenment ideas also encouraged people to demand liberty, equality, and fraternity.
What was one of the key causes of the French Revolution?
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The Three EstatesFrench society was divided into three estates before the Revolution: the First Estate (clergy), the Second Estate (nobility), and the Third Estate (everyone else, including peasants and the middle class). The Third Estate paid most of the taxes but had the least power, leading to resentment and calls for change.
The {{blank0}} Estate paid the majority of taxes and consisted of {{blank1}}.
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Key Events of the French RevolutionSome of the most important events were the summoning of the Estates-General in 1789, the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789, and the abolition of the monarchy in 1792. The Reign of Terror (1793–94), led by Robespierre, was a period of intense political violence and executions.
What event marked the beginning of the French Revolution?
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The Reign of TerrorThe Reign of Terror was a period during the French Revolution where thousands of people were executed for being suspected enemies of the revolution. This period was led by the radical Jacobins and their leader, Robespierre, who used the guillotine to punish opponents.
What were some key features of the Reign of Terror? (Select all that apply)
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Consequences of the French RevolutionThe Revolution had major consequences. It ended the absolute monarchy and established a republic. It also inspired other revolutions globally and led to ideas of democracy and human rights becoming popular. However, it also caused widespread violence and instability in France.
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Review Time!Great job exploring the French Revolution! Let's review the main ideas we've covered: the causes, the division of estates, key events, and consequences. Test your knowledge below!
Which Enlightenment idea influenced the French Revolution?
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Which of the following were key consequences of the French Revolution? (Select all that apply)
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The French Revolution ultimately led to the {{blank0}} monarchy and the establishment of a {{blank1}}.
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Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Well done!You've completed your lesson on the French Revolution! Take some time to review your notes, and feel free to ask any questions if you need more help. Great job today!
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