Learn: RISC vs. CISC Architecture

Welcome!Building on your knowledge of the Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle and CPU Components, let's dive into the fascinating world of RISC vs. CISC architectures. You'll learn what these mean and why they matter for computer performance!

What are RISC and CISC Architectures?RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) and CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) are two types of processor architectures. They differ in how instructions are executed and the complexity of those instructions. Understanding these concepts helps explain the design choices behind modern CPUs.

RISC ArchitectureRISC processors use a small set of simple instructions. These instructions are highly optimised and can be executed quickly, often in one clock cycle. RISC is ideal for tasks requiring high efficiency and speed, like mobile devices.

CISC ArchitectureCISC processors use a larger and more complex set of instructions. These instructions can perform multiple tasks in one operation but may take multiple clock cycles to execute. CISC is useful for tasks requiring flexibility, such as desktop computers.

Comparing RISC and CISCRISC focuses on speed and efficiency, while CISC prioritises flexibility and functionality. RISC CPUs often require more instructions to complete a task, but each instruction is faster. CISC CPUs can do more with fewer instructions but may take longer per instruction.

Real-World ExamplesRISC is commonly used in mobile processors like ARM, found in smartphones. CISC is often the architecture for desktop CPUs, such as Intel and AMD processors. These design choices reflect the needs for efficiency versus flexibility.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about RISC and CISC architectures, their features, and their real-world applications. Let's test your understanding with a few questions.