Learn: Carbohydrates and Lipids in Diet and Health

Welcome!You've already studied how the cardiovascular system works and the role of blood pressure and clotting in cardiovascular health. Today, we'll build on that by exploring how carbohydrates and lipids impact diet and overall health!

What are Carbohydrates?Carbohydrates are molecules made of sugars. They are a key source of energy for the body, especially for processes like muscle contraction and synaptic transmission. They can be classified into simple sugars (like glucose) and complex carbohydrates (like starch).

What are Lipids?Lipids are fat molecules. They include triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids. Lipids are vital for energy storage, insulation, and protection of organs. They are also essential for forming cell membranes and producing hormones like oestrogen and testosterone.

Types of CarbohydratesCarbohydrates can be divided into simple carbohydrates (monosaccharides and disaccharides) and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides). Simple carbs like glucose give quick energy, while complex carbs like starch provide longer-lasting energy.

Types of LipidsThere are different types of lipids, such as unsaturated fats (found in foods like olive oil and fish) and saturated fats (found in butter and cheese). Unsaturated fats are considered healthier because they reduce cholesterol levels, whereas saturated fats can increase the risk of heart disease.

Carbohydrates and Lipids in Cardiovascular HealthExcessive consumption of certain carbohydrates and lipids can negatively impact cardiovascular health. High sugar intake can lead to obesity and diabetes, increasing the risk of heart disease. Saturated and trans fats can raise LDL (bad cholesterol) levels, leading to atherosclerosis and increased blood pressure.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about carbohydrates, lipids, and their roles in diet and health. Now let's test your understanding with a few questions.