Learn: Virtual Memory - How It Works (RAM ↔ Secondary Storage)

Welcome!You've already learned why computers need primary storage, the differences between RAM and ROM, and why virtual memory is necessary. Today, we'll explore how virtual memory works to help the computer manage its tasks.

What is Virtual Memory?Virtual memory is a part of the computer's secondary storage, like a hard drive or SSD, used as an extension of RAM when RAM runs out of space. It's important because it prevents the computer from freezing or crashing when too many programs are open.

How Does Virtual Memory Work?When the RAM is full, the computer moves less-used data from RAM to virtual memory on secondary storage. This frees up space in RAM for more important tasks. Data can be swapped back into RAM later when needed.

Swapping DataWhen virtual memory is used, the computer swaps data between the RAM and secondary storage. This process ensures that the most active programs or data stay in RAM for quick access, while less-used data is temporarily stored on the hard drive or SSD.

Advantages of Virtual MemoryPrevents crashes: Virtual memory allows the computer to keep running even when RAM is full.Handles multitasking: It enables multiple programs to run at the same time by managing available memory efficiently.Cost-effective: It uses existing secondary storage, so the computer doesn't need as much expensive RAM.

Disadvantages of Virtual MemorySlower than RAM: Accessing data from secondary storage is slower than accessing data directly from RAM.System slowdown: If the computer relies too much on virtual memory, it can become slower because of the time it takes to swap data.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about virtual memory, how it works, and its advantages and disadvantages. Let's test your understanding with a few questions.