Learn: Programming Fundamentals

Welcome!Today we'll learn about Programming Fundamentals. This includes key concepts like variables, data types, and how programs make decisions. Let's break it down step by step!

What is Programming?Programming is creating instructions for a computer to follow. These instructions, written in a programming language, allow us to solve problems and complete tasks efficiently. It's like writing a recipe for a computer to follow.

VariablesA variable is a named storage location in a program. It can hold data, such as numbers or text, that can change during the program's execution. For example, a variable could store a player's score in a game.

Data TypesPrograms use different data types to store specific kinds of information. Common data types include:Integer: Whole numbers like 10 or -3Real/Float: Decimal numbers like 3.14Boolean: True or FalseString: Text like 'Hello'Choosing the right data type is important for how the program operates.

SelectionSelection is when a program makes a decision based on a condition. For example, using 'if' statements allows the program to execute certain code only if a condition is true. This is essential for creating interactive and responsive programs.

IterationIteration is when a program repeats a section of code. This is done using loops, such as 'for' and 'while' loops. Iteration is useful for tasks like processing a list of items or repeating actions until a condition is met.

Arithmetic OperatorsArithmetic operators are used in programs to perform calculations. Common operators include:+: Adds numbers-: Subtracts numbers*: Multiplies numbers/: Divides numbersFor example, you can calculate a total price by adding item costs together.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about variables, data types, selection, iteration, and arithmetic operators. Now let's test your understanding with a few questions.