Learn: Hardware Components

Welcome!Today we'll learn about hardware components. These are the physical parts of a computer system that work together to perform tasks. Let’s explore how they function and why they are essential.

What is Hardware?Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer, such as the CPU, memory, and input/output devices. Without hardware, computers cannot function. Software runs on this hardware to carry out instructions.

The Central Processing Unit (CPU)The CPU is often called the 'brain' of the computer. It processes instructions, performs calculations, and handles logic operations. It is essential for running programs and managing data.

Memory: RAM and ROMRAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of volatile memory that temporarily stores data and instructions while a computer is running. It is fast but loses its data when the computer is turned off.ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a type of non-volatile memory that stores essential data needed to start the computer, such as firmware. Unlike RAM, it keeps its data even when the computer is powered off.

Secondary StorageWhile RAM is fast, it cannot store data permanently. This is where secondary storage comes in. Devices like hard drives, SSDs (solid-state drives), and USBs store data persistently, even when the computer is off.Secondary storage is essential for saving files, programs, and the operating system.

Input and Output DevicesInput devices, such as keyboards and mice, allow users to send data to the computer. Output devices, like monitors and printers, display or produce the results of the computer's processes.These devices help users interact with the computer, making tasks easier and more efficient.

Embedded SystemsEmbedded systems are computers built into other devices, such as washing machines or microwaves. They are designed to perform specific tasks efficiently.These systems are smaller and simpler than general-purpose computers, focusing on reliability and performance for their intended use.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about the CPU, memory, storage, input/output devices, and embedded systems. Let’s review everything with a few questions.