Learn: Hardware Components

Welcome!Today we'll learn about hardware components of a computer. These components are essential for the computer to function properly.

What are Hardware Components?Hardware components are the physical parts of a computer. They include devices like the CPU, memory, and storage. Understanding these helps us know how computers work.

The CPU (Central Processing Unit)The CPU is the brain of the computer. It processes instructions by following the fetch–decode–execute cycle. This makes it responsible for running programs and performing calculations.

Memory: RAM vs ROMRAM (Random Access Memory) is temporary memory used while the computer is running. It stores data and instructions actively being used and is volatile, meaning it clears when the computer is turned off.ROM (Read-Only Memory) is permanent memory that stores essential start-up instructions. It is non-volatile, so its data remains even when the computer is off.

Storage DevicesSecondary storage is used for long-term data storage. Examples include hard drives, USB drives, and CDs. It is non-volatile and keeps data even when the computer is turned off.Types of storage include magnetic (e.g., hard drives), solid-state (e.g., SSDs), and optical (e.g., CDs). Each has different speeds, capacities, and costs.

Embedded SystemsAn embedded system is a computer built into another device, such as a washing machine or car. These systems are designed for specific tasks and are usually more efficient than general-purpose computers.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about hardware components, memory types, storage devices, and embedded systems. Let's test your understanding with a few questions.