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Learn: The Eye and Vision - Retina to Visual Cortex
Edexcel A Level Biology SNAB A
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Welcome!You've already learned about neurones and action potentials, as well as how synapses and neurotransmitters work. Now, let's explore how the eye processes visual information and how signals are sent to the brain.
The Eye: Retina FunctionThe retina is a thin tissue at the back of the eye. It contains specialised cells called photoreceptors (rods and cones) that detect light. Rods are sensitive to dim light, while cones detect colour.
Quick check: What type of photoreceptor detects colour?
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How Signals Are SentPhotoreceptors convert light into electrical signals. These signals are passed to bipolar cells, then to ganglion cells, which form the optic nerve. The optic nerve carries signals to the brain.
The {{blank0}} nerve carries visual signals from the eye to the {{blank1}}.
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The Visual CortexThe electrical signals from the optic nerve reach the visual cortex, located in the occipital lobe of the brain. Here, the brain interprets the signals to form images and recognise patterns.
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Review Time!Great work! You've learned about the retina, optic nerve, and visual cortex. Now let's test your understanding with a few questions.
Which of the following are true about the retina? (Select all that apply)
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What part of the brain processes visual signals?
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The retina converts {{blank0}} into {{blank1}} signals.
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