Learn: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Welcome!Building on what you've already learned about cell structure and microscopy, we’ll explore the cell cycle and mitosis. By the end, you’ll understand how cells divide and why this process is vital for growth and repair.

What is the Cell Cycle?The cell cycle is the sequence of events that a cell goes through as it grows, prepares to divide, and eventually splits into two daughter cells. It includes interphase and mitosis.

InterphaseMost of the cell cycle is spent in interphase, where the cell grows, carries out normal functions, and prepares for division. It is divided into three stages: G1 (growth), S (DNA replication), and G2 (preparation for mitosis).

Mitosis OverviewMitosis is the process of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells. It is essential for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction. Mitosis consists of four main stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

ProphaseIn prophase, the chromosomes condense and become visible. The nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibres start to form, helping to organise the chromosomes.

MetaphaseIn metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the centre of the cell, known as the equator. Spindle fibres attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes to ensure they are properly aligned.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about the cell cycle and the stages of mitosis. Now let’s test your understanding with a few questions.

SummaryThe cell cycle is essential for cell growth and repair, with mitosis ensuring the accurate division of genetic material. Key stages include prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, each with a specific role in chromosome organisation and separation.