Learn: Stem Cells

Welcome!Building on your knowledge of cell structure, division, and differentiation, we'll now explore stem cells. These unique cells have incredible potential for growth and medical applications. Let's dive in!

What are Stem Cells?Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can divide and develop into different types of cells in the body. Unlike specialised cells, they have the ability to become other cell types, such as muscle cells, nerve cells, or blood cells. This makes them vital for growth, repair, and medical research.

Types of Stem CellsThere are two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells can become almost any cell type in the body, while adult stem cells are usually limited to certain types, such as blood cells or muscle cells.

Special Properties of Stem CellsStem cells have two key properties: self-renewal (they can divide and produce more stem cells) and potency (the ability to specialise into other cell types). These properties make stem cells important for replacing damaged cells and treating diseases.

Uses of Stem CellsStem cells are used in medicine to treat conditions like leukaemia and Parkinson's disease. They can replace damaged tissues, help grow new organs, and are being studied for their potential in curing genetic disorders.

Ethical IssuesUsing embryonic stem cells raises ethical concerns because they come from early-stage embryos. Some people believe it is wrong to use embryos for research, while others argue the potential to cure diseases makes it worthwhile. This is an ongoing debate in science and society.

Stem Cells in AgricultureStem cells are not just used in human medicine. In agriculture, they can help grow disease-resistant crops or improve food production by creating plants with desired traits.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about stem cells, their types, properties, uses, and ethical issues. Let's test your understanding with the following questions.