Learn: States of Matter

Welcome!Today we’ll explore states of matter and their properties. Let’s dive into solids, liquids, and gases, and discover how they behave differently!

What are states of matter?States of matter refer to the physical forms substances can take: solid, liquid, and gas. Each state has unique properties based on the arrangement and movement of particles.

Particle arrangement and movementIn solids, particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions. Solids have a definite shape and volume.In liquids, particles are close but can move past each other, giving liquids a fixed volume but no fixed shape.In gases, particles are far apart and move freely, filling the shape and volume of their container.

Changing states of matterSubstances can change between states through processes like melting, boiling, freezing, and condensation. These changes occur when energy is added or removed.

Diffusion in gasesDiffusion is the movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration. Gases diffuse quickly because their particles move freely.An example is the smell of perfume spreading across a room.

SolubilitySolubility measures how much of a substance can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature. It’s expressed in grams per 100 grams of solvent.Solubility varies with temperature; for example, sugar dissolves better in hot water than cold water.

Solubility curvesSolubility curves show how the solubility of a substance changes with temperature. They help predict how much solute can dissolve at different temperatures.For example, the solubility of salt increases as temperature rises.

Review Time!Well done! You’ve learned about states of matter, changes, diffusion, and solubility. Let’s test your knowledge.