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Learn: Respiration and the Respiratory System in Humans
WJEC GCSE in BIOLOGY specification
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Welcome!Today we'll explore respiration and the respiratory system in humans. You'll learn how your body generates energy and how your lungs help you breathe. Let's get started!
What is Respiration?Respiration is the process by which living organisms release energy from glucose. This energy is essential for all bodily functions, like movement, growth, and repair.
Aerobic RespirationAerobic respiration requires oxygen to break down glucose into energy. It produces carbon dioxide and water as waste products. Here's the word equation:Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP)
Quick check: Which of the following is a product of aerobic respiration?
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Anaerobic RespirationAnaerobic respiration occurs when there's little or no oxygen available. Instead of producing carbon dioxide and water, it produces lactic acid and releases less energy. Here's the word equation:Glucose → Lactic Acid + EnergyThis happens during intense exercise when your muscles need extra energy quickly.
Which of the following are true about anaerobic respiration? (Select all that apply)
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The Respiratory SystemYour respiratory system brings oxygen into your body and removes carbon dioxide. It's made up of the nasal cavity, trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.Each part plays a specific role in breathing and gas exchange.
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Alveoli and Gas ExchangeAlveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. They are surrounded by capillaries, allowing oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to leave.Alveoli are adapted for this process because they have a large surface area, thin walls, and a moist lining.
Quick check: Why do alveoli have thin walls?
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Effects of SmokingSmoking damages the lungs and respiratory system. It harms cilia (tiny hairs that move mucus) and increases the risk of diseases like lung cancer and emphysema.Smoking also reduces oxygen intake, making respiration less efficient.
The {{blank0}} are tiny hair-like structures that move mucus, while {{blank1}} is a disease caused by smoking.
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Review Time!Great work! You've learned about respiration, gas exchange, and the respiratory system. Let's test your understanding with a few final questions.
Which of the following are waste products of respiration? (Select all that apply)
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Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
Start the lesson to answer this math equation question
Quick check: Which structure in the lungs is responsible for gas exchange?
Start the lesson to answer this multiple choice question
Well done!You've completed the lesson on respiration and the respiratory system. Keep revising to strengthen your understanding. Great work!
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