Learn: Plate Tectonics and Tectonic Hazards

Welcome!Today we'll explore plate tectonics and tectonic hazards. You'll learn what they are, why they occur, and how they affect people and the environment.

What are Plate Tectonics?Plate tectonics is the theory explaining how Earth's lithosphere (outer shell) is divided into large plates that move over the mantle. Their movement causes earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the creation of landforms.

Types of Plate MarginsThere are three main types of plate margins where plates interact:Constructive margins: Plates move apart and magma rises, forming new crust.Destructive margins: Plates collide; the denser plate subducts, causing earthquakes and volcanoes.Conservative margins: Plates slide past each other, often causing earthquakes.

Global Distribution of Earthquakes and VolcanoesEarthquakes and volcanoes are concentrated along plate margins, especially around the Pacific Ring of Fire. These areas are where tectonic plates interact most actively.

Effects of Tectonic HazardsPrimary effects include immediate impacts like buildings collapsing, injuries, and deaths. Secondary effects are longer-term, like homelessness, economic loss, or disruption to infrastructure.

Managing Tectonic HazardsTectonic hazards can be managed through monitoring (using technology to predict events), protection (building structures to withstand hazards), and planning (educating people and preparing emergency plans).

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about plate tectonics, plate margins, effects of hazards, and how to manage them. Let’s test your understanding with a final review.