Learn: Photosynthesis in Plants

Welcome!Today we'll learn about photosynthesis, the process plants use to make their own food. It's an essential topic in biology, so let's explore how it works step by step!

What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is the process where plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make glucose and oxygen. This is important because it provides food for the plant and oxygen for animals to breathe.

The Photosynthesis Word EquationDuring photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil. Using sunlight energy, they convert these into glucose (a type of sugar) and release oxygen into the air. The word equation is:Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen

Factors Affecting PhotosynthesisThe rate of photosynthesis can be affected by several factors. These include:Light intensity: More light means faster photosynthesis, up to a certain point.Carbon dioxide concentration: Higher levels of carbon dioxide can increase the rate of photosynthesis.Temperature: This affects enzyme activity. If it's too cold or hot, the rate of photosynthesis will decrease.

Uses of GlucosePlants use the glucose made during photosynthesis in different ways:For respiration to release energy.To make starch for storage.To produce cellulose for building cell walls.To make proteins and oils.

Leaf StructureLeaves are specially adapted for photosynthesis. They have:A cuticle to reduce water loss.An epidermis that protects the leaf.Palisade cells with chloroplasts to absorb sunlight.A spongy layer for gas exchange.Stomata controlled by guard cells for gas exchange and transpiration.

Investigating PhotosynthesisScientists can study photosynthesis using experiments. For example, they can test if carbon dioxide is necessary by using sodium hydroxide to absorb CO2, or they can check for the presence of starch in leaves to see if photosynthesis has occurred.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about the process of photosynthesis, its factors, uses of glucose, and how to investigate it. Now let's test your understanding with a few questions.

Congratulations!You've completed your lesson on photosynthesis! Keep practising and exploring more fascinating topics in biology.