Learn: Photosynthesis

Welcome!Today we'll learn about photosynthesis. This process is vital for plants and life on Earth, as it allows plants to produce food using sunlight. Let's explore how it works step by step!

What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This happens in the chloroplasts of plant cells, which contain a green pigment called chlorophyll.

Why is Photosynthesis Important?Photosynthesis is essential because it produces oxygen, which animals need to breathe, and glucose, which plants use for energy and growth. It also underpins food chains and ecosystems.

The Photosynthesis EquationPhotosynthesis can be summarised with this word equation: Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen. Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air through stomata and water from the soil via their roots.

How Does Photosynthesis Work?Photosynthesis occurs in two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions. In the first stage, light energy is used to split water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen. In the second stage, carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using the hydrogen produced earlier.

What Are Limiting Factors of Photosynthesis?The rate of photosynthesis is affected by temperature, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration. If any of these factors are not at optimal levels, photosynthesis will slow down.

Adaptations of Leaves for PhotosynthesisLeaves are adapted to maximise photosynthesis. They have a large surface area to absorb more light, are thin for efficient gas exchange, and contain chloroplasts in the palisade layer. The stomata regulate the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen.

Review Time!Great job learning about photosynthesis! Let's review the key points: the equation, limiting factors, and leaf adaptations. Test your knowledge with these questions!