Learn: Photosynthesis

Welcome!Today we'll study photosynthesis, a vital process for plants and life on Earth. We'll break it down step by step to understand how plants make their food.

What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. It happens in the chloroplasts of plant cells. This process provides energy for plants and oxygen for other organisms.

The Photosynthesis EquationThe word equation for photosynthesis is: Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen, in the presence of light energy. This shows how plants transform simple substances into food.

Why is Photosynthesis Important?Photosynthesis is essential for life because it produces oxygen, which animals need to breathe, and glucose, which plants use for energy. It also helps maintain the balance of gases in the atmosphere.

Leaf Adaptations for PhotosynthesisThe leaf structure helps maximise photosynthesis. It has a large surface area to absorb light, stomata for gas exchange, and chloroplasts in the palisade layer to capture light energy efficiently.

Limiting Factors in PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis can be limited by light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature. If any of these are low, the rate of photosynthesis decreases.

Investigating PhotosynthesisTo study photosynthesis, we often test leaves for starch. If a leaf contains starch, it shows photosynthesis has occurred. Sodium hydroxide can be used to absorb carbon dioxide during experiments to test its importance.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about photosynthesis, its importance, limiting factors, and how it can be investigated. Let's test your understanding with a few final questions.