Learn: Metallic Bonding

Welcome!Welcome! You've already learned about chemical bonds, including ionic and covalent bonding. Now, let's build on that and explore metallic bonding, another important type of bonding in chemistry!

What is Metallic Bonding?Metallic bonding occurs in metals. It involves a lattice of positive ions surrounded by a 'sea' of delocalised electrons. This bonding gives metals their unique properties, such as malleability, ductility, and electrical conductivity.

Delocalised ElectronsIn metallic bonding, electrons in the outer shell of metal atoms become delocalised (free to move). These free electrons can move throughout the structure, which is why metals can conduct electricity and heat so well.

The Metal LatticeMetals form a regular structure called a giant metallic lattice. Positive metal ions are arranged in neat rows, surrounded by the sea of electrons. This strong arrangement explains why metals are hard and have high melting points.

Properties of MetalsMetals have unique properties due to metallic bonding. They are malleable (can be hammered into shapes), ductile (can be stretched into wires), and good conductors of heat and electricity. These properties are due to the mobility of delocalised electrons and the strong bonds within the metallic lattice.

Why Are Metals Good Conductors?The delocalised electrons in metallic bonding can move freely throughout the lattice. This allows them to carry electrical charge and transfer energy, which is why metals are excellent conductors of electricity and heat.

Applications of Metallic BondingMetallic bonding is crucial in many industries. For example, copper is used for electrical wiring because it is an excellent conductor of electricity. Aluminium is used for making aircraft parts because it combines strength with light weight.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about metallic bonding, delocalised electrons, and the properties of metals. Now let's test your understanding with a few questions.