Learn: Memory (Topic 2)

Welcome!Today we'll be learning about Memory, an important topic in GCSE Psychology. We’ll explore how memory works, its features, and the key theories that explain it.

What is Memory?Memory is the process of storing and recalling information that we learn or experience. It helps us navigate daily life and make decisions based on past events. Understanding memory allows psychologists to explore how we think and learn.

Information ProcessingInformation processing refers to how we handle information in memory. It has three key stages: input (how information enters the brain), processing (how we make sense of it), and output (how we use or retrieve it).

Types of Memory: STM and LTMMemory is divided into short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). STM holds small amounts of information for a short duration, while LTM can store vast amounts of information for a long time.For example, remembering a phone number briefly is an example of STM, while recalling your childhood memories is linked to LTM.

Bartlett's Theory of Reconstructive MemoryBartlett's Theory of Reconstructive Memory suggests that memory is not a perfect recording of events. Instead, our memories are influenced by schemas (mental frameworks that help us interpret and organise information). This means we may reconstruct memories based on what we already know or expect.

Multi-Store Model of MemoryThe Multi-Store Model suggests memory has three main stores: sensory register, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). Information moves between these stores through attention and rehearsal.For example, paying attention to a phone number allows it to move from sensory memory to short-term memory. If rehearsed, it may go into long-term memory.

AmnesiaAmnesia is a condition where people lose their memory due to brain injury or illness. There are two main types: retrograde amnesia (loss of past memories before the event) and anterograde amnesia (inability to form new memories).

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about how memory works, different types of memory, the Multi-Store Model, and amnesia. Let’s test your understanding with some questions!

Well Done!You’ve completed the lesson on Memory. Keep revising these key concepts to strengthen your understanding. Great job today!