Learn: Memory Processes

Welcome!Today we'll explore memory processes, a fascinating topic in psychology. We'll learn how information is encoded, stored, and retrieved, and why memory is essential to our daily lives.

What is Memory?Memory is the process by which we store and retrieve information about the world. It allows us to learn, make decisions, and recall past experiences. Without memory, we wouldn't be able to function effectively in everyday life.

Key Memory ProcessesMemory involves three main processes: encoding (changing information into a format the brain can use), storage (keeping information over time), and retrieval (bringing stored information back into conscious thought).

Types of MemoryThere are two main types of memory: short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). STM holds small amounts of information for short periods, while LTM stores larger amounts of information for longer durations.

Features of Short-Term MemoryDuration: Lasts around 18-30 seconds without rehearsal. Capacity: Can hold 7±2 items. Encoding: Often acoustic (based on sound).

Features of Long-Term MemoryDuration: Potentially unlimited. Capacity: Also potentially unlimited. Encoding: Often semantic (based on meaning).

Multi-Store Model of MemoryThe Multi-Store Model, proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968), explains how information flows through three stores: the sensory register, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Information is transferred between stores through attention and rehearsal.

Reconstructive MemoryReconstructive memory, proposed by Bartlett (1932), suggests that memories are influenced by schemas (mental frameworks based on past experiences). This means we may 'fill in gaps' when recalling events, which can affect accuracy.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about short-term and long-term memory, the Multi-Store Model, and reconstructive memory. Let's test your understanding with a few final questions.