Learn: Functionalism – Bridge from Family to Wider Society

Welcome!You've already learned about the role of education in socialisation and how it helps individuals develop shared values, social solidarity, and specialist skills. Now, we’ll explore how Functionalism views education as a bridge between the family and wider society. Let’s get started!

What is Functionalism?Functionalism is a sociological perspective that sees society as a system of interconnected parts working together to maintain stability and social order. It focuses on how institutions like the family and education help individuals learn shared norms and values for society to function smoothly.

How does education act as a bridge?According to Functionalists, education connects the norms and values taught in the family with those needed to succeed in the wider society. The family socialises children into particularistic values (rules and expectations specific to their family). Education introduces universalistic values (rules and expectations that apply to everyone), such as fairness and meritocracy, which are needed in society.

Parsons and the BridgeParsons argues that education acts as a key mechanism for socialisation, preparing children for adult society. In the family, children are treated as individuals based on their unique characteristics. Education shifts this focus to treating everyone equally, based on universal standards like academic performance and achievement.

Meritocracy and Role AllocationEducation also promotes meritocracy, the idea that individuals succeed based on their abilities and effort, rather than their background. Functionalists believe the education system allocates roles in society by identifying and nurturing talents, ensuring that the most capable individuals occupy the most important positions.

The Role of ValuesShared values are crucial for maintaining social order, according to Functionalists. Values such as hard work, fairness, and respect are taught in schools, preparing individuals to contribute to society in their future roles. This process ensures individuals understand and accept societal norms, reducing conflict and promoting harmony.

Reviewing the BridgeTo summarise, Functionalists believe that education acts as a bridge between the family and wider society. It prepares individuals for adult roles by teaching universalistic values and promoting meritocracy, helping individuals transition from the specific norms of their family to the shared norms of society.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about how Functionalists view education as a bridge from the family to wider society. Now let’s test your understanding with a few questions.

Well Done!You’ve completed the lesson on Functionalism and the role of education as a bridge from family to wider society. Keep reflecting on how education prepares individuals for their societal roles through teaching shared values and promoting meritocracy. Great job!