Learn: Formation of the Oceans

Welcome!Today, we'll learn about how the Earth's oceans were formed. This is an exciting topic where science helps us understand the origins of the water bodies that cover most of our planet.

The Earth's FormationBillions of years ago, the Earth was a hot, molten mass. Over time, it cooled and formed layers: the core (made of iron), the mantle (solid rock that melts into magma), and the crust (the Earth's outer layer). These layers are key to understanding how oceans formed.

Early Water FormationAs the Earth cooled, volcanic eruptions released gases like water vapour into the atmosphere. Over time, this vapour condensed into liquid water, forming the first oceans. This process is part of the hydrological cycle, which includes evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

The Role of GravityGravity plays a key role in keeping the oceans on Earth. It ensures that water does not escape into space and holds it close to the surface. Without gravity, water molecules would drift away, and oceans wouldn't exist.

How Oceans Cover Most of EarthOceans cover approximately 71% of the Earth's surface. They hold about 97% of all water on Earth. The largest ocean is the Pacific Ocean, and the deepest point is the Mariana Trench, which is about 11,000 metres deep!

Geomorphology of OceansThe shape and features of the ocean floor are called geomorphology. Key features include the continental shelf, abyssal plain, mid-ocean ridge, and trenches. These features are formed by geological processes like plate tectonics and volcanic activity.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about the formation of the oceans, including the Earth's structure, early water formation, the role of gravity, and the geomorphology of oceans. Let's test your understanding with a few review questions!