Learn: Forces and Motion

Welcome!Today we'll explore forces and motion, a key topic in Physics. You'll learn about concepts like speed, acceleration, forces, and momentum. Let's dive in!

What is a Force?A force is a push or pull that acts on an object, causing it to move, stop, or change direction. Forces are measured in newtons (N) and can act in different ways, such as gravity pulling objects downward or friction opposing motion.

Speed and VelocitySpeed is how fast an object is moving, calculated using distance ÷ time. It is a scalar quantity, meaning it has no direction.Velocity is similar to speed but includes direction. For example, you might say a car is travelling 50 mph north. Velocity is a vector quantity.

What is Acceleration?Acceleration is the rate at which an object's velocity changes over time. It is calculated using change in velocity ÷ time and measured in metres per second squared (m/s²).If an object speeds up, slows down, or changes direction, it is accelerating.

Types of ForcesThere are different types of forces, such as gravity, friction, air resistance, and tension. Some forces act at a distance, like gravity, while others require physical contact, like friction.Forces can be classified as either contact forces (e.g., friction) or non-contact forces (e.g., gravity).

What is Momentum?Momentum measures how difficult it is to stop a moving object. It depends on an object's mass and velocity. The formula is momentum = mass × velocity, and it is measured in kilogram metres per second (kg m/s).For example, a truck moving at 30 m/s has much more momentum than a bike moving at the same speed because the truck has a greater mass.

What is Hooke's Law?Hooke's Law states that the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it, as long as the elastic limit is not exceeded. The formula is F = k × x, where F is force, k is the spring constant, and x is the extension.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about forces, motion, acceleration, and momentum. Let's test your understanding with a few questions.

Well Done!You've completed the lesson on Forces and Motion! Keep practising to strengthen your understanding. Great job!