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Learn: Eukaryotes & Prokaryotes
AQA GCSE Biology 8461 specification
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Welcome!Welcome to today's lesson on Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes. We'll explore the differences between these cell types and why they are important in biology.
What are Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes?Cells can be divided into two main types: Eukaryotic cells and Prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not. These differences affect their structure and function.
Eukaryotic CellsEukaryotic cells have their genetic material enclosed in a nucleus. These cells are usually larger and more complex, and they include plant and animal cells. They contain organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts (plants).
Prokaryotic CellsProkaryotic cells are simpler and smaller than eukaryotic cells. They do not have a nucleus; their genetic material floats freely in the cytoplasm. Bacteria are examples of prokaryotic cells.
Quick check: Which feature is found in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?
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Key DifferencesHere are the main differences between the two cell types:Eukaryotic cells: Larger, complex, have a nucleus and organelles.Prokaryotic cells: Smaller, simpler, no nucleus, genetic material in cytoplasm.
Eukaryotic cells have a {{blank0}}, while prokaryotic cells do not. Prokaryotic cells store their genetic material in the {{blank1}}.
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Examples of Prokaryotes and EukaryotesProkaryotes: Bacteria and archaea are examples. They are simple, single-celled organisms. Eukaryotes: Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are all eukaryotic organisms.
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Microscopy and Cell TypesMicroscopes allow us to see cells and their structures. Light microscopes can show basic cell parts like the nucleus, while electron microscopes reveal more detail, such as ribosomes and mitochondria.
Which of the following are features of prokaryotic cells? (Select all that apply)
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Review Time!Great work! You've learned about Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells. Let's test your understanding with a few final questions.
Which type of cell contains mitochondria?
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A bacterium is an example of a {{blank0}} cell. Animals are examples of {{blank1}} cells.
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Which of the following features are ONLY found in eukaryotic cells? (Select all that apply)
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Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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