Learn: Chemical Bonds

Welcome!Today we'll explore chemical bonds. These are the forces that hold atoms together to form molecules and compounds. Let's break it down step by step!

What are Chemical Bonds?Atoms combine to form substances through bonds. There are three main types: ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds. These bonds are formed based on how electrons are shared, transferred, or pooled between atoms.

Ionic BondingIonic bonds occur when electrons are transferred between atoms. This happens between metals and non-metals. Metals lose electrons to form positively charged ions, while non-metals gain electrons to form negatively charged ions. These opposite charges attract each other, forming a bond.

Covalent BondingCovalent bonds happen when atoms share electrons to achieve a full outer shell. This type of bonding usually occurs between non-metal atoms. For example, two hydrogen atoms share electrons to form a molecule of hydrogen gas (H2).

Metallic BondingMetallic bonds form between metal atoms. Electrons are free to move throughout the entire structure, creating a 'sea of electrons'. This gives metals their unique properties, like conductivity and malleability.

Why Do Atoms Form Bonds?Atoms form bonds to achieve a stable electronic configuration. They want to fill their outer electron shells, which makes them more stable. For example, a sodium atom loses one electron to become stable, while a chlorine atom gains one electron.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about ionic, covalent, and metallic bonding. Now let's test your understanding with a few questions.