Learn: Cell Structure, Organelles and Microscopy Skills

Welcome!Today we'll explore cell structure, the roles of organelles, and essential microscopy skills. Let's dive into these fascinating biological concepts step by step!

What are cells?Cells are the basic units of life. They come in two types: prokaryotic (simple cells without a nucleus) and eukaryotic (complex cells with a nucleus and organelles). Understanding cells is key to studying biology and how life works.

Organelles in Eukaryotic CellsEukaryotic cells contain specialised structures called organelles. Each organelle has a specific function that helps the cell survive and perform tasks. For example, the nucleus contains DNA and controls cell activity, while the mitochondria produce energy.

Microscopy SkillsMicroscopes are essential tools for studying cells. Light microscopes allow us to see cell structures like the nucleus, while electron microscopes provide higher magnification to view detailed organelle structures, such as ribosomes.

Staining and Preparing SlidesTo observe cells under a microscope, we often use staining techniques. For example, methylene blue stains DNA, making the nucleus visible. Proper preparation of slides is crucial for clear observation.

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic CellsProkaryotic cells are simpler and lack a nucleus. Their DNA floats freely in the cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells, however, have a nucleus to contain their DNA and are more complex due to specialised organelles.

Core Practical: Observing MitosisOne key practical is preparing and staining a root tip squash to observe mitosis. Using a stain like acetic orcein, you can see the stages of cell division under a microscope.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about cell structure, organelles, and microscopy skills. Let's review and test your understanding with a few questions.