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Learn: B1 - You and Your Genes
OCR TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE BIOLOGY B Specification
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Welcome!Today we'll explore the fascinating world of genetics and learn about your genome, DNA, genes, and how they shape you. This lesson is tailored to help you understand the fundamentals of inheritance and variation. Let's dive in!
What is the genome?Your genome is the complete set of genetic material in an organism. It contains all the information needed to build and maintain that organism. In humans, the genome is found in the nucleus of nearly all cells.
Where is the genome located in human cells?
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Understanding DNADNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a polymer made up of smaller units called nucleotides. It forms two strands twisted into a shape called a double helix. DNA carries the instructions for making proteins, which determine the characteristics of an organism.
DNA is made up of two strands twisted into a {{blank0}} and contains the instructions to make {{blank1}}.
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What are genes?A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein. These proteins influence traits like eye colour, height, or even the risk of developing diseases. Genes are located on chromosomes, which are long strands of DNA wrapped around proteins.
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Genotype vs PhenotypeThe genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, including all its genes. The phenotype is the physical characteristics or traits that result from the genotype and the environment. For example, your eye colour is part of your phenotype, but the genes that determine it are part of your genotype.
Which of the following describes an organism’s phenotype?
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What are alleles?Alleles are different forms of the same gene. For example, the gene for eye colour might have different alleles for blue, brown, or green eyes. You inherit one allele from each parent, which determines your traits.
Which of the following statements about alleles are true? (Select all that apply)
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Review Time!Great work! You've learned about DNA, genes, alleles, genotype, and phenotype. Let's test your understanding with a few questions.
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Alleles are {{blank0}} forms of the same gene, and you inherit one allele from each {{blank1}}.
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Which of these statements about DNA is correct?
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