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Learn: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
AQA GCSE Chemistry 8462 specification
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Welcome!Today we’ll explore atomic structure and the periodic table. These are the foundations of chemistry and help us understand how elements behave and interact.
What is an Atom?An atom is the smallest unit of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction. It is made up of three main subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Subatomic ParticlesProtons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Neutrons have no charge and are also located in the nucleus. Electrons are negatively charged and orbit around the nucleus in energy levels or shells.
Which particle has no charge?
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Atomic Number and Mass NumberThe atomic number is the number of protons in an atom. It determines the element. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus.
The atomic number represents the number of {{blank0}} in an atom, while the mass number is the total number of {{blank1}} plus {{blank2}}.
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What are Isotopes?Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. This means they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Electronic ConfigurationElectrons are arranged in energy levels or shells around the nucleus. The first shell can hold up to 2 electrons, the second up to 8, and the third up to 8. The arrangement of electrons affects how elements react.
How many electrons can the first energy level hold?
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The Periodic TableThe periodic table organises elements by their atomic number. Elements in the same group (vertical column) have similar chemical properties. Rows are called periods and show repeating trends in properties.
Which of the following statements about the periodic table are true? (Select all that apply)
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Review Time!Great work! We’ve covered atomic structure, subatomic particles, isotopes, and the periodic table. Let’s test your understanding with a few final questions.
What is the mass number of an atom with 6 protons and 6 neutrons?
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Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called {{blank0}}.
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Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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