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Learn: Atomic Structure
Edexcel GCSE Chemistry
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Welcome!Welcome to today's lesson on Atomic Structure. We'll explore the building blocks of matter and understand how atoms are organised and function. Let's get started!
What is Atomic Structure?Atoms are the smallest units of matter and make up everything around us. Each atom consists of three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Understanding atomic structure helps explain chemical reactions, bonding, and materials' properties.
Subatomic ParticlesAtoms are made of:Protons: Positively charged particles found in the nucleus.Neutrons: Neutral particles also in the nucleus.Electrons: Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in shells.
Quick check: Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
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Structure of the AtomAn atom has a central nucleus containing protons and neutrons. Surrounding the nucleus are electrons, which move in energy levels or shells. The number of protons determines the element.
The {{blank0}} contains protons and neutrons, while {{blank1}} orbit in shells.
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Atomic Number and Mass NumberAtomic number is the number of protons in an atom, which defines the element. Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons. For example, carbon has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12.
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What are Isotopes?Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. For example, carbon-12 and carbon-14 are isotopes of carbon, differing in their mass number.
Which of the following statements about isotopes are true? (Select all that apply)
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Electron ShellsElectrons occupy shells or energy levels around the nucleus. The first shell can hold up to 2 electrons, the second up to 8, and so on. The arrangement of electrons determines an element's chemical behaviour.
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Review Time!Great work! You've learned about atomic structure, subatomic particles, isotopes, and electron shells. Now let's test your understanding with a few questions.
Which particle determines the element of an atom?
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An isotope has the same number of {{blank0}} but different numbers of {{blank1}}.
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Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
Start the lesson to answer this matching question
Which of the following are true about electron shells? (Select all that apply)
Start the lesson to answer this multi-select question
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