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Learn: Atomic Structure
AQA Chemistry 7405
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Welcome!Today we'll explore Atomic Structure. This topic helps us understand what atoms are made of and how their properties are determined. Let's dive in!
What is Atomic Structure?Atoms are the building blocks of matter. They consist of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. Understanding their structure explains chemical behaviour and properties.
Proton and Atomic NumberThe atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus and determines the element. For example, hydrogen has 1 proton, so its atomic number is 1.
Quick check: What does the atomic number represent?
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Mass Number and IsotopesThe mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, affecting their mass but not their chemical properties.
An isotope has the same {{blank0}} but a different {{blank1}}.
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Time-of-Flight (TOF) Mass SpectrometryTOF mass spectrometry measures the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. It identifies isotopes and molecular masses by ionising particles, accelerating them, and measuring their time to reach a detector.
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Interpreting Mass SpectraA mass spectrum shows peaks representing ions detected. The x-axis shows the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), and the y-axis shows abundance. Peaks reveal isotopes or compound fragments.
What does a peak in the mass spectrum represent?
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Review Time!Great work! You've learned about atomic number, mass number, isotopes, TOF mass spectrometry, and interpreting mass spectra. Now let's test your knowledge.
Which of the following are true about isotopes? (Select all that apply)
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Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
Start the lesson to answer this math equation question
The mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) represents an ion's {{blank0}} divided by its {{blank1}}.
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