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Learn: Atomic Structure
AQA Chemistry 7405
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Welcome!Today we'll explore Atomic Structure, a key topic in Physical Chemistry. We'll cover atomic numbers, mass numbers, isotopes, and TOF mass spectrometry. Let's get started!
What is Atomic Structure?Atomic structure refers to how atoms are organised. Each atom has a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. Understanding this helps us predict chemical behaviour.
Atomic Number and Mass NumberThe atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which determines the element. The mass number is the total of protons and neutrons. These numbers are used to identify specific atoms.
Quick check: What does the atomic number represent?
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IsotopesIsotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This means they have different mass numbers. For example, carbon-12 and carbon-14 are isotopes of carbon.
TOF Mass SpectrometryTime of Flight (TOF) Mass Spectrometry is used to measure the masses of ions. It involves ionisation, acceleration, drift, and detection. The time taken for ions to reach the detector helps calculate their mass.
Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Interpreting Mass SpectraA mass spectrum shows peaks representing ion masses and abundances. The x-axis shows mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), and the y-axis shows relative abundance. This helps identify substances.
Quick check: On a mass spectrum, what does the x-axis represent?
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Review Time!You've learned about atomic number, mass number, isotopes, and mass spectrometry. Let's test your understanding with a few questions!
Which of the following statements are true? (Select all that apply)
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Match the items on the left with their correct pairs on the right
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Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are examples of {{blank0}}. These atoms have the same number of {{blank1}} but different numbers of {{blank2}}.
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Great Work!You’ve completed your lesson on atomic structure. Keep practising interpreting mass spectra and calculating atomic properties!
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