Learn: Atomic Structure

Welcome!Today we'll learn about atomic structure, a key topic in AQA Chemistry 7405. This topic helps us understand the nature of atoms and their components.

What is Atomic Structure?Atomic structure refers to the arrangement of protons, neutrons, and electrons within an atom. This determines the properties and behaviour of elements.

Atomic Number and Mass NumberThe atomic number is the number of protons in an atom, which defines the element. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons combined.

IsotopesIsotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This means they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

Time of Flight (TOF) Mass SpectrometryTOF mass spectrometry is a technique used to determine the relative atomic and molecular masses of substances by ionising particles and measuring their flight time through an electric field.

How TOF Mass Spectrometry Works1. Ionisation: Particles are ionised into positively charged ions. 2. Acceleration: Ions are accelerated by an electric field. 3. Drift: Ions travel through a field-free region. 4. Detection: The time ions take to reach the detector is measured.

Interpreting Mass SpectraA mass spectrum shows the relative abundance of ions. The x-axis represents the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), and the y-axis represents the abundance.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about atomic structure, isotopes, TOF mass spectrometry, and mass spectra interpretation. Let's test your understanding with a few questions.