Learn: Atomic Structure

Welcome!Today we're going to learn about Atomic Structure. This is an important topic in chemistry, as it forms the foundation for understanding elements and their behaviour. Let's explore it step by step!

What is an Atom?An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties. Atoms consist of a nucleus (containing protons and neutrons) surrounded by electrons in energy levels.

Atomic Number and Mass NumberThe atomic number is the number of protons in an atom, which determines the element. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

What are Isotopes?Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This means they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers. For example, carbon-12 and carbon-14 are isotopes of carbon.

TOF Mass SpectrometryTime-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry is a technique used to determine the mass of particles by measuring the time they take to travel a fixed distance under the influence of an electric field. It helps identify isotopes and elements.

Understanding Mass SpectraMass spectra show the results of TOF mass spectrometry as peaks on a graph. Each peak represents an isotope, and the height shows its relative abundance. Larger peaks mean more of that isotope is present.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about atomic structure, isotopes, and mass spectrometry. Let's test your understanding with a few questions.

Well done!You've completed the lesson on atomic structure. Keep reviewing these concepts and practising questions to strengthen your understanding!