Learn: Animal and Plant Cells - Structures and Functions

Welcome!Today we'll explore animal and plant cells, their structures, and functions. Each part of a cell has a specific role, and together they make life possible. Let's dive in!

What Are Cells?Cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms. Animal and plant cells have similarities, but plant cells have extra structures that help them carry out photosynthesis and support the plant.

Animal Cell StructuresAnimal cells contain several key parts, including:Cell membrane: Controls what enters and leaves the cell.Cytoplasm: A jelly-like substance where chemical reactions occur.Nucleus: Contains DNA and controls cell activities.Mitochondria: The site of respiration, producing energy for the cell.

Plant Cell StructuresPlant cells share the same structures as animal cells, but they also have:Cell wall: Provides structure and support.Chloroplasts: Contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis.Large vacuole: Stores water and nutrients, maintaining cell rigidity.

Specialised CellsSome cells are adapted for specific functions. For example:Red blood cells: Carry oxygen using haemoglobin.Root hair cells: Absorb water and nutrients with their large surface area.Nerve cells: Transmit electrical signals to and from the brain.

Microscope ObservationsCells can be viewed using a light microscope. Scientists use staining to make cell structures easier to see, such as staining the nucleus with methylene blue.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about animal and plant cells, their structures, and specialised cells. Let's test your understanding with a few final questions.