Learn: Animal and Plant Cells - Structures and Functions

Welcome!Today, we'll explore the structures and functions of animal and plant cells. This is an important topic in biology that helps us understand how living organisms function. Let's get started!

What are cells?Cells are the basic building blocks of life. Every living organism is made of cells, which carry out essential processes to keep the organism alive. There are two types of cells we’ll focus on: animal cells and plant cells.

Common Structures in Animal and Plant CellsBoth animal and plant cells have structures called organelles that perform specific functions. Key organelles include:Cell membrane - Controls what enters and leaves the cell.Nucleus - Contains genetic material and controls the cell's activities.Cytoplasm - Jelly-like substance where chemical reactions occur.Mitochondria - Produces energy through respiration.

Unique Structures in Plant CellsPlant cells have additional structures that animal cells do not, including:Cell wall - Provides support and protection.Chloroplasts - Contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis.Large vacuole - Stores water and nutrients and helps maintain cell shape.

How to use a microscope to view cellsMicroscopes help us see cells and their structures. To prepare a sample:Place a thin slice of tissue on a microscope slide.Add a drop of stain to make the structures visible.Cover with a coverslip and view under the microscope.This allows you to identify key organelles.

Cell SpecialisationCells can develop specific structures to perform specialised functions. Examples include:Red blood cells - Carry oxygen using haemoglobin.Root hair cells - Absorb water and nutrients with their large surface area.Muscle cells - Contract to enable movement.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about animal and plant cells, their structures, and functions. Let's test your understanding with a few questions.