Learn: Acids and Metals

Welcome!Today we'll explore how acids react with metals. This is an important topic in chemistry with real-world applications. Let's learn step by step!

What happens when acids react with metals?When acids react with certain metals, they produce a salt and hydrogen gas. This is an example of a chemical reaction where metals react with acids to form new products.

How can we identify this reaction?During the reaction, you may notice effervescence (fizzing) caused by the release of hydrogen gas. You can test for hydrogen using a lit splint — hydrogen burns with a pop sound.

What is a salt?A salt is a compound formed when the hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a metal. For example, hydrochloric acid reacting with magnesium produces magnesium chloride (a salt) and hydrogen gas.

General word equation for acids and metalsThe general word equation for the reaction of acids with metals is:Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen

Which metals react with acids?Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series react with acids. Metals below hydrogen, such as copper, do not react because they are less reactive than hydrogen and cannot displace it.

Examples of metal-acid reactionsLet's look at some examples:1. Zinc + Hydrochloric acid → Zinc chloride + Hydrogen2. Magnesium + Sulfuric acid → Magnesium sulfate + Hydrogen

Real-world applicationsMetal-acid reactions are used in hydrogen production. For example, zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid can be used to collect hydrogen gas in a lab experiment.

Review Time!Great work! You've learned about the reaction of acids with metals, the products formed, and the reactivity series. Now let's test your understanding with a few review questions.