Mastering 6 Mark Questions in Science for GCSE & A-Level
Corey CrossUnderstanding 6 Mark Questions
Six-mark questions in GCSE and A-Level science are designed to test your ability to explain concepts clearly, apply knowledge effectively, and demonstrate a structured approach to problem-solving. These questions often ask you to describe, explain, evaluate, or compare scientific phenomena. Success in answering them requires both subject knowledge and strong exam technique.
What Makes a Good Answer?
To score full marks on a six-mark question, your answer should be:
- Clear and concise: Avoid unnecessary waffle.
- Structured: Organise your answer logically using paragraphs or bullet points.
- Focused: Address all parts of the question.
- Accurate: Use correct scientific terminology and facts.
Step-by-Step Guide to Answering 6 Mark Questions
Step 1: Read the Question Carefully
Start by identifying key terms and instructions in the question. Look for words like "explain", "describe", "evaluate", or "compare". These words dictate what the examiner expects from your answer.
Step 2: Plan Your Answer
Take a moment to mentally outline your response. For example, if you're asked to compare two processes (e.g., photosynthesis and respiration), jot down their similarities and differences before you start writing.
Step 3: Write in a Structured Format
Use paragraphs or bullet points to organise your answer. A useful structure is:
- Introduction: Briefly state the topic.
- Main body: Address all aspects of the question, using examples or diagrams where appropriate.
- Conclusion: Summarise your points or provide a final evaluation.
Step 4: Use Scientific Terminology
Demonstrate your knowledge by incorporating keywords from the syllabus. For example, if discussing enzymes, mention "active site", "substrate", and "optimum temperature".
Step 5: Check Your Work
Before moving on, re-read your answer to ensure it’s clear, relevant, and free of spelling or grammar errors.
Practical Examples
Example 1: GCSE Biology
Question: Explain how the structure of a leaf is adapted for photosynthesis.
Answer:
- The large surface area maximises the absorption of light.
- Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll to capture light energy.
- Stomata allow gas exchange, bringing in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.
- Thin structure reduces the diffusion distance for gases.
Example 2: A-Level Chemistry
Question: Compare the properties of ionic and covalent compounds.
Answer:
| Property | Ionic Compounds | Covalent Compounds |
|---|---|---|
| Melting/Boiling Points | High (due to strong ionic bonds) | Low (weak intermolecular forces) |
| Electrical Conductivity | Conduct in molten/solution form | Do not conduct |
| Solubility | Soluble in water | Mostly insoluble in water |
Practice Exercise
Try answering this six-mark question:
"Evaluate the impact of deforestation on biodiversity and the carbon cycle."
Tip: Organise your answer into two sections (biodiversity and carbon cycle) and include examples such as habitat loss and increased CO2 levels.
Exam Technique Tips
- Time management: Spend around 8–10 minutes on a six-mark question.
- Answer all parts: If the question has multiple components, address each one fully.
- Use diagrams: For questions requiring explanations, a labelled diagram can enhance your answer.
- Stay calm: If unsure, write what you do know and focus on key points.
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