By Revision Genie
Social Psychology
Unit 1
Agency Theory of Obedience
Social Impact Theory of Obedience
Milgram's Original Obedience Study
Rundown Office Block Variation
Telephonic Instructions Variation
Ordinary Man Gives Orders Variation
Situational Factors Affecting Obedience
Personality and Obedience
Gender Differences in Obedience
Cultural Influences on Obedience
Social Identity Theory of Prejudice
Realistic Conflict Theory of Prejudice
Personality and Prejudice
Situational Factors Affecting Prejudice
Cultural Influences on Prejudice
Developmental Psychology in Obedience
Developmental Psychology in Prejudice
Designing Questionnaires in Research
Conducting Structured Interviews
Open and Closed Questions in Research
Random Sampling Techniques
Stratified Sampling Techniques
Volunteer Sampling Techniques
Opportunity Sampling Techniques
Calculating Measures of Central Tendency
Creating Frequency Tables
Graphical Presentation Using Bar Charts
Calculating Range and Standard Deviation
Thematic Analysis of Qualitative Data
BPS Ethical Guidelines in Research
Sherif's Robbers Cave Experiment
Burger's Replication of Milgram Study
Reicher and Haslam's Tyranny Study
Cohrs et al. Study on Ideological Attitudes
Reducing Prejudice in Crowds and Riots
Explaining Heroism Through Social Psychology
Designing a Questionnaire for Research
Analyzing Quantitative Data from Surveys
Analyzing Qualitative Data from Surveys
Writing a Research Report in Social Psychology
Ethics in Obedience Research
Ethics in Prejudice Research
Social Desirability Bias in Questionnaires
Reductionism in Social Psychology
Comparing Theories of Prejudice
Psychology as a Science in Social Research
Cultural and Gender Influences on Social Behavior
Nature vs. Nurture in Obedience and Prejudice
Development of Psychological Understanding Over Time
Social Control in Reducing Prejudice
Applying Social Psychology to Conflict Resolution
Socially Sensitive Research in Social Psychology
Unit 2
Cognitive Psychology
The Working Memory Model
The Multi-Store Model of Memory
Short-Term Memory: Capacity and Duration
Long-Term Memory: Encoding and Retrieval
Episodic and Semantic Memory
Reconstructive Memory and Schema Theory
Individual Differences in Memory Processing
Autobiographical Memory and Individuality
Memory Development Across Ages
Dyslexia and Memory Deficits
Alzheimer’s Effects on Memory
Field and Laboratory Experiments in Psychology
Independent and Dependent Variables
Experimental and Null Hypotheses
Directional and Non-Directional Hypotheses
Experimental Designs: Repeated Measures
Matched Pairs and Independent Groups Designs
Operationalisation of Variables
Extraneous and Confounding Variables
Counterbalancing and Randomisation Techniques
Order Effects in Experiments
Situational and Participant Variables
Objectivity, Reliability, and Validity in Experiments
Experimenter Effects and Demand Characteristics
Quantitative Data Analysis: Central Tendency
Graphical Data Presentation: Bar Graphs and Histograms
Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon Tests
Probability and Levels of Significance
Critical Values and Sense Checking Data
Type I and Type II Errors
Normal and Skewed Distributions
Case Studies: Henry Molaison (HM)
Qualitative Data in Case Studies
Classic Study: Baddeley (1966b)
Contemporary Study: Schmolck et al. (2002)
Contemporary Study: Steyvers and Hemmer (2012)
Contemporary Study: Sebastián and Hernández-Gil (2012)
Memory and Dementia Key Question
Working Memory and Dyslexia Key Question
Designing a Dual Task Experiment
Investigating Acoustic Similarity in Memory
Strengths and Weaknesses of Experiments
Writing a Lab Experiment Report
Ethics in Cognitive Psychology Research
Reductionism in Memory Models
Cultural Differences in Memory Reconstruction
Nature vs. Nurture in Memory Development
Social Control: Memory in Court Situations
Socially Sensitive Research in Memory Loss
Unit 3
Biological Psychology
The Central Nervous System
The Structure of a Neuron
Synaptic Transmission
Neurotransmitters and Behavior
Effects of Recreational Drugs on the CNS
Brain Structure and Aggression
The Prefrontal Cortex and Aggression
The Role of Evolution in Behavior
Natural Selection and Aggression
Freud’s Psychodynamic Explanation of Aggression
The Id, Ego, and Superego
Catharsis in Aggression
Hormones and Behavior
Testosterone and Aggression
Individual Differences in Brain Damage
Freud’s Personality Theory and Individual Differences
Evolution and Human Development
Hormones in Human Development
Correlational Research Method
Types of Correlation: Positive and Negative
Scatter Diagrams for Correlations
Issues of Cause and Effect in Correlations
Statistical Significance in Correlational Studies
Spearman’s Rho Test
Levels of Measurement in Correlations
Brain-Scanning Techniques: CAT, PET, fMRI
Using Brain Scans to Study Aggression
Twin Studies in Biological Psychology
Adoption Studies in Biological Psychology
Classic Study: Raine et al. (1997)
Contemporary Study: Li et al. (2013)
Contemporary Study: Brendgen et al. (2005)
Contemporary Study: Van den Oever et al. (2008)
Key Question: Drug Therapy for Addiction
Key Question: Nature vs Nurture in Aggression
Designing a Correlational Study
Inferential Testing with Spearman’s Rho
Abstract and Discussion Sections in Research
Strengths and Weaknesses of Correlational Studies
Practical Example: Age and Drug Attitudes
Practical Example: Height and Aggressive Tendencies
Ethical Issues in Biological Psychology
Practical Issues in Brain Research
Reductionism in Biological Psychology
Comparing Freud and Biological Explanations
Synaptic Transmission as Science
Hormonal Differences in Gender and Aggression
Nature vs Nurture in Aggression
Advances in Brain-Scanning Techniques
Social Control in Brain Research
Using Psychology to Address Aggression
Confidentiality in Sensitive Research
Unit 4
Learning Theories
Introduction to Classical Conditioning
Unconditioned and Conditioned Stimuli
Unconditioned and Conditioned Responses
Neutral Stimulus and Its Role
Extinction in Classical Conditioning
Spontaneous Recovery in Conditioning
Stimulus Generalisation in Conditioning
Pavlov's Dog Experiment
Introduction to Operant Conditioning
Positive Reinforcement Explained
Negative Reinforcement Explained
Punishment: Positive and Negative
Primary and Secondary Reinforcers
Schedules of Reinforcement
Shaping Behaviour with Operant Conditioning
Introduction to Social Learning Theory
Observation and Imitation in Learning
Modelling and Vicarious Reinforcement
Stages of Social Learning
Bandura's Bobo Doll Experiments
Vicarious Reinforcement in Bandura's Work
Learning Theories and Phobia Acquisition
Systematic Desensitisation for Phobias
Alternative Treatments for Phobias
Individual Differences in Learning
Role of Rewards and Punishments in Development
Development Through Social Learning
Observational Research Methods
Types of Observations in Psychology
Content Analysis in Learning Studies
Ethical Issues in Animal Research
Using Animals in Laboratory Experiments
Inferential Statistics: Chi-Squared Test
Replicability and Reliability in Learning Studies
Watson and Rayner's Little Albert Study
Becker et al. Study on Television and Eating Behaviors
Bastian et al. Study on Video Games and Humanity
Capafóns et al. Study on Fear of Flying
Role Models and Eating Disorders
Airline Programs for Fear of Flying
Practical Observations on Learned Behavior
Analyzing Observational Data Using Chi-Squared
Qualitative and Quantitative Data in Observations
Ethics in Learning Theory Research
Reductionism in Behaviorism
Explaining Behavior with Different Learning Theories
Cultural and Gender Influences in Learning
Nature vs Nurture in Learning Patterns
Social Control and Learning Theories
Applications of Learning Theories in Society
Unit 5
Clinical Psychology
Defining Mental Health Disorders
The Four Ds: Deviance, Dysfunction, Distress, and Danger
DSM Classification System
ICD Classification System
Reliability of Mental Health Diagnoses
Validity of Mental Health Diagnoses
Symptoms and Features of Schizophrenia
Neurotransmitter Theory of Schizophrenia
Biological Explanations of Schizophrenia
Non-Biological Explanations of Schizophrenia
Symptoms and Features of Anorexia Nervosa
Biological Explanation of Anorexia Nervosa
Non-Biological Explanation of Anorexia Nervosa
Symptoms and Features of OCD
Biological Explanation of OCD
Non-Biological Explanation of OCD
Symptoms and Features of Unipolar Depression
Biological Explanation of Unipolar Depression
Non-Biological Explanation of Unipolar Depression
Biological Treatments for Schizophrenia
Psychological Treatments for Schizophrenia
Biological Treatments for Anorexia Nervosa
Psychological Treatments for Anorexia Nervosa
Biological Treatments for OCD
Psychological Treatments for OCD
Biological Treatments for Unipolar Depression
Psychological Treatments for Unipolar Depression
Cultural Influences on Mental Health Diagnoses
Genetic Explanations for Mental Health Disorders
Biochemical Explanations for Mental Health Disorders
HCPC Guidelines for Clinical Practitioners
Longitudinal Research in Mental Health
Cross-Sectional Research in Mental Health
Cross-Cultural Research in Mental Health
Meta-Analysis in Mental Health Research
Primary vs Secondary Data in Mental Health Research
Case Studies in Clinical Psychology
Interviews in Clinical Psychology
Quantitative Data Analysis in Clinical Psychology
Qualitative Data Analysis in Clinical Psychology
Rosenhan’s Study: On Being Sane in Insane Places
Carlsson et al. Study on Schizophrenia
Kroenke et al. Study on Depression
Scott-Van Zeeland et al. Study on Anorexia
Masellis et al. Study on OCD
Key Questions in Clinical Psychology
Content Analysis for Mental Health Attitudes
Ethics in Diagnosing Mental Health Disorders
Reductionism in Mental Health Explanations
Comparing DSM and ICD Systems
Cultural and Gender Differences in Mental Health
Nature vs Nurture in Mental Health Disorders
Social Control in Mental Health Treatments
Socially Sensitive Research in Mental Health
Unit 6
Criminological Psychology
Biological Explanations of Crime
Brain Injury and Criminal Behaviour
Amygdala and Aggression
XYY Syndrome and Personality
Social Explanations of Crime
Labelling Theory in Crime
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy and Crime
Cognitive Interview Techniques
Ethical Interview Techniques
Psychological Formulation in Offending
Cognitive-Behavioural Treatments for Offenders
Anger Management for Offenders
Biological Treatments for Offenders
Improved Diet and Criminal Behaviour
Hormone Treatment for Offenders
Reliability of Eyewitness Testimony
Post-Event Information Effects
Weapon Focus Effect on Recall
Factors Influencing Jury Decisions
Defendant Characteristics and Jury Bias
Pre-Trial Publicity and Jury Decisions
Personality and Criminal Behaviour
Individual Differences in Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Developmental Aspects of Crime
Social Learning Theory and Crime
Biological Causes of Criminal Development
Laboratory Experiments in Eyewitness Research
Field Experiments in Eyewitness Research
Case Studies in Criminological Psychology
Sampling Techniques in Crime Research
Random Sampling in Crime Studies
Stratified Sampling in Crime Research
Volunteer Sampling in Crime Studies
Opportunity Sampling in Crime Research
Reliability and Validity in Crime Research
Objectivity and Credibility in Crime Research
Ethics in Criminological Psychology Research
Quantitative Data Analysis in Crime Studies
Measures of Central Tendency in Crime Research
Frequency Tables and Dispersion Measures
Inferential Statistics in Crime Studies
Chi-Squared Test in Criminological Psychology
Spearman's Rho in Crime Research
Mann-Whitney U in Criminological Studies
Wilcoxon Test in Crime Studies
Thematic Analysis in Crime Research
Grounded Theory in Criminological Psychology
BPS Ethical Guidelines in Crime Research
HCPC Principles in Crime Psychology
Loftus and Palmer's Eyewitness Study
Bradbury and Williams on Jury Bias
Valentine and Mesout on Eyewitness Stress
Howells on Anger Management Outcomes
Eye-Witness Testimony Reliability Debate
Jury Bias and Abolishment Debate
Conducting a Cognitive Interview Experiment
Viewing Crime Dramas for Research
Strengths and Weaknesses of Crime Research
Ethical Considerations in Practical Investigations
Reductionism in Criminological Psychology
Comparing Explanations of Criminal Behaviour
Nature vs Nurture in Crime Causes
Social Control in Offender Treatments
Socially Sensitive Research in Crime Studies
Unit 7
Child Psychology
Bowlby's Theory of Attachment
Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure
Types of Attachment
Short-Term Effects of Deprivation
Long-Term Effects of Deprivation
Reducing Negative Effects of Deprivation
Research into Privation
Reversibility of Privation Effects
Advantages of Day Care for Children
Disadvantages of Day Care for Children
Characteristics of High-Quality Day Care
Characteristics of Poor-Quality Day Care
Cross-Cultural Research on Attachment Types
Nature vs Nurture in Attachment Development
Features of Autism
Biological Explanation of Autism
Alternative Explanation of Autism
Therapies for Autism
Impact of Attachment Type on Development
Individual Differences in Day Care Outcomes
Effects of Day Care on Development
Impact of Attachment on Development
Developmental Disorders and Their Effects
Observational Research in Child Psychology
Types of Observations: Participant vs Non-Participant
Overt vs Covert Observations
Using Questionnaires in Child Psychology
Using Interviews in Child Psychology
Cross-Cultural Research in Child Psychology
Meta-Analysis in Cross-Cultural Research
Ethical Considerations in Research with Children
Children’s Rights and UNCRC (1989)
Quantitative Data Analysis in Child Psychology
Inferential Statistics: Chi-Squared in Child Psychology
Inferential Statistics: Mann-Whitney U in Child Psychology
Inferential Statistics: Spearman’s Rho in Child Psychology
Thematic Analysis in Child Psychology
Van IJzendoorn and Kroonenberg's Meta-Analysis
Cassibba et al. (2013) - Attachment in Italy
Gagnon-Oosterwaal et al. (2012) - Pre-Adoption Adversity
Li et al. (2013) - Child Care and Development
Deciding on Day Care for Children
International Adoption: Benefits and Challenges
Designing a Questionnaire for Child Psychology Research
Conducting Interviews in Child Psychology Research
Conducting Observations in Child Psychology Research
Strengths and Weaknesses of Child Psychology Research
Ethical Considerations in Child Psychology Studies
Balancing Participation and Protection Rights
Reductionism in Attachment Research
Comparing Bowlby and Ainsworth's Theories
Cross-Cultural Research and Nature-Nurture
The Role of Day Care in Social Control
Research into Autism and Socioeconomic Status
Unit 8
Health Psychology
Defining Drug Addiction and Dependency
Biological Explanation for Alcohol Addiction
Biological Explanation for Heroin Addiction
Biological Explanation for Nicotine Addiction
Learning Explanation for Alcohol Addiction
Learning Explanation for Heroin Addiction
Learning Explanation for Nicotine Addiction
Aversion Therapy for Addiction
Other Treatments for Alcohol Addiction
Other Treatments for Heroin Addiction
Other Treatments for Nicotine Addiction
Psychological Strategies in Anti-Drug Campaigns
Individual Differences in Drug Misuse
Developmental Influences on Drug Misuse
Ethics of Using Animals in Drug Studies
Animal Laboratory Experiments on Drugs
Ethics of Using Humans in Drug Studies
Human Research Methods for Studying Drugs
Cross-Cultural Research on Drug Misuse
Quantitative Data Analysis in Health Psychology
Inferential Statistical Testing in Health Psychology
Qualitative Data Analysis in Health Psychology
Olds and Milner’s Study on Positive Reinforcement
Mundt et al. Study on Peer Influence and Alcohol Use
Dixit et al. Study on Alcohol Risk Behaviour
Pengpid et al. Study on Alcohol Intervention
Encouraging Smoking Cessation
Government Intervention in Health Behaviours
Practical Research: Content Analysis of Media References to Drugs
Practical Research: Comparing Media Coverage of Alcohol and Nicotine
Ethical Issues in Drug Research
Practical Challenges in Drug Research Design
Reductionism in Drug Addiction Studies
Comparing Biological and Learning Explanations for Drug Misuse
Scientific Methods in Drug Addiction Research
Cultural Influences on Drug Misuse
Nature vs. Nurture in Drug Addiction
Development of Drug Misuse Understanding Over Time
Social Control in Drug Addiction Treatment
Using Psychology to Develop Drug Treatments
Socially Sensitive Research in Drug Studies
Unit 9
Psychological Skills
Defining Research Methods in Psychology
The Role of Hypotheses in Research
Types of Variables in Experiments
Operationalising Variables in Psychology
Experimental Designs: Independent Groups
Experimental Designs: Matched Pairs
Controlling Extraneous Variables
Demand Characteristics and Experimenter Effects
Reliability and Validity in Research
Types of Data: Quantitative vs Qualitative
Using Measures of Central Tendency
Graphical Presentation: Bar Charts and Histograms
Measures of Dispersion: Range and Standard Deviation
Inferential Statistics: Mann-Whitney U Test
Inferential Statistics: Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test
Probability Levels and Significance Testing
Type I and Type II Errors in Statistics
Normal vs Skewed Distributions
Thematic Analysis for Qualitative Data
Synoptic Review of Classic Studies
Evaluating Psychological Studies
Issues of Validity and Reliability in Studies
Ethical Guidelines in Psychological Research
The Role of the British Psychological Society (BPS)
Nature vs Nurture Debate in Psychology
Reductionism vs Holism in Psychology
Free Will vs Determinism Debate
Cultural Bias in Psychological Theories
Gender Bias in Psychological Research
Social Sensitivity in Psychological Studies
Comparing Explanations Across Psychological Themes
Psychology as a Science
Applications of Psychological Knowledge in Society
Issues of Social Control in Psychology
Practical Issues in Research Design
Interpreting Statistical Tables in Psychology
Using Critical Values in Statistical Testing
The Role of Classic Studies in Modern Psychology
Evaluating the Development of Psychological Theories
Examining Ethical Issues in Research Methods
Mathematical Skills in Psychology Research
Formulating Alternate and Null Hypotheses
Exploring Synaptic Transmission in Biological Studies
Analyzing Cross-Cultural Research in Psychology
Designing Psychological Questionnaires and Surveys
Exam Traps in Statistical Testing