paper 1 Flashcards

Education promotes social solidarity, teaches specialist skills, and acts as a bridge between family and society.

Education reproduces class inequality, legitimises inequality through the myth of meritocracy, and serves the needs of capitalism.

The New Right believes education should promote competition, choice, and efficiency, and that state control leads to inefficiency.

Lack of resources such as money, housing, and nutrition, which can negatively affect educational achievement.

The idea that working-class children lack the cultural experiences and values needed for educational success.

Middle-class students' possession of knowledge, attitudes, and values that give them an advantage in education.

Teachers may label students based on stereotypes, leading to self-fulfilling prophecies and affecting their performance.

A curriculum that reflects the dominant culture, potentially disadvantaging minority ethnic groups.

Groups of students who reject school values and norms, often leading to underachievement.

Introduced the tripartite system (grammar, secondary modern, and technical schools) to create a meritocratic system.

Introduced the National Curriculum, SATs, league tables, and marketisation of schools.

Policies that create competition between schools and give parents more choice.

Increased involvement of private companies in education, raising concerns about profit motives over student welfare.

A scientific approach to sociology that focuses on objective, quantifiable data.

A sociological approach that focuses on understanding subjective meanings and experiences.

Sociological approaches that study large-scale social structures, such as Functionalism and Marxism.

Sociological approaches that focus on individual interactions, such as Symbolic Interactionism.

The process by which individuals learn the norms, values, and roles of their society.

Socialisation that occurs within the family, teaching basic norms and values.

Socialisation that occurs in institutions like schools, teaching societal norms and values.

Using multiple methods to study a sociological issue for a more comprehensive understanding.

Combining different research methods to cross-check and validate findings.

A testable statement predicting the relationship between variables.

Defining variables in a way that makes them measurable.

Selecting a group of participants to represent the population being studied.

A sampling method where every individual has an equal chance of being selected.

A sampling method where the population is divided into subgroups, and participants are selected proportionally.

Concerns such as informed consent, confidentiality, and avoiding harm to participants.

Observation where participants are aware they are being studied.

Observation where participants are unaware they are being studied.

Interviews that use pre-set questions, ensuring consistency and comparability.

Interviews that are more flexible and conversational, allowing for in-depth responses.

Pre-existing data collected by government or organisations, often used in secondary research.

Challenges such as access to participants, time constraints, and cost of conducting research.

Concerns such as informed consent, confidentiality, and avoiding harm to students and staff.

Teachers may label ethnic minority students negatively, leading to lower expectations and self-fulfilling prophecies.

Boys and girls tend to choose subjects that align with gender stereotypes, affecting career opportunities.

The idea that education has become more suited to girls, with more female teachers and coursework-based assessments.

When a student internalises a label and acts in a way that confirms it, affecting their achievement.

A curriculum that prioritises the dominant culture, potentially alienating minority ethnic students.

The idea that some ethnic groups may lack the cultural resources needed for educational success.

Ethnic minority groups are more likely to experience poverty, which can negatively impact educational achievement.

Boys may be socialised into behaviours that do not align with academic success, such as being less focused on literacy.

Economic factors can affect boys and girls differently, influencing their educational outcomes.