classical civilisation heracles/hercules Flashcards

A Greek hero known for his strength and completing the Twelve Labours.

The Roman name for the Greek hero Heracles.

A series of tasks performed by Heracles as penance for killing his family.

The king who assigned Heracles the Twelve Labours.

The first labour of Heracles; he killed the lion and wore its skin as armour.

The second labour; a multi-headed serpent that grew two heads for every one cut off.

The third labour; a sacred deer of Artemis that Heracles captured alive.

The fourth labour; Heracles captured the boar and brought it to Eurystheus.

The fifth labour; Heracles cleaned the stables by diverting two rivers.

The sixth labour; Heracles drove away the man-eating birds with a rattle given by Athena.

The seventh labour; Heracles captured the bull that was terrorising Crete.

The eighth labour; Heracles tamed the man-eating horses of King Diomedes.

The ninth labour; Heracles obtained the belt of the Amazon queen.

The tenth labour; Heracles retrieved the cattle guarded by the three-bodied Geryon.

The eleventh labour; Heracles retrieved the golden apples guarded by a dragon.

The twelfth labour; Heracles captured the three-headed dog guarding the underworld.

Son of Zeus and Alcmene, making him a demi-god.

Heracles' mortal stepfather, husband of Alcmene.

Hera hated Heracles because he was Zeus' illegitimate son.

Driven mad by Hera, Heracles killed his wife Megara and their children.

Heracles was known for his superhuman strength, often depicted wrestling beasts.

Heracles was favoured by Athena and Hermes, who helped him in his labours.

After his death, Heracles was made immortal and joined the gods on Mount Olympus.

Heracles joined Jason and the Argonauts on their quest for the Golden Fleece.

Heracles' second wife, who accidentally caused his death with a poisoned tunic.

Heracles died after wearing a poisoned tunic given to him by Deianira.

Hercules was worshipped as a god of strength and protector of travellers.

A Roman myth where Hercules defeated the fire-breathing giant Cacus.

Cacus stole Hercules' cattle and hid them in his cave.

The location where Hercules confronted and killed Cacus.

Hercules killed Cacus near the Aventine Hill in Rome.

Hercules was honoured with temples and altars, such as the Ara Maxima.

The Great Altar of Hercules in Rome, associated with the Cacus story.

Often depicted with a club, lion skin, and muscular physique.

Heracles is seen as a hero who brought order by defeating monsters.

Athena and Hermes often assisted Heracles in his labours.

Heracles tricked Atlas into retrieving the apples for him.

Heracles freed Prometheus from his eternal punishment.

Heracles fought the centaurs, including Nessus, who caused his death.

Heracles became a symbol of strength, endurance, and heroism in both Greek and Roman culture.

Heracles descended to the Underworld to capture Cerberus as his final labour.

Despite his heroism, Heracles was prone to anger and impulsive actions.

After his death, Heracles was granted immortality and became a god.

Cacus was a fire-breathing giant who terrorised the area near the Aventine Hill.

Hercules found the stolen cattle when one of them lowed, revealing their location in Cacus' cave.

Hercules killed Cacus by strangling him after breaking into his cave, restoring order to the region.