Changes in beliefs on causes of disease, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of disease Flashcards

Belief that disease was caused by 'bad air' or harmful smells, dominant in medieval and early modern periods.

Ancient Greek theory that health depended on the balance of blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile.

Louis Pasteur's discovery that microorganisms cause disease, replacing miasma and Four Humours theories.

Based on astrology, urine charts, and observation of symptoms.

Increased use of dissection and anatomical knowledge, influenced by Vesalius.

Developed the smallpox vaccine, the first successful vaccination in medical history.

First government intervention to improve sanitation and prevent disease in Britain.

Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, revolutionising treatment of bacterial infections.

Established free healthcare in Britain, improving access to treatment and prevention.

Relied on religious practices, charms, and avoiding bad smells (miasma).

Vaccination programmes, public health campaigns, and improved sanitation.

Led to changes in beliefs about disease, including questioning religious explanations.

Highlighted the importance of quarantine and isolation in disease prevention.

Pasteur developed vaccines; Koch identified specific bacteria causing diseases like tuberculosis.

X-rays, MRI scans, and genetic research have improved diagnosis and treatment.

Known as the 'English Hippocrates,' emphasised observation and recording symptoms to improve diagnosis.

Discovered the circulation of blood, challenging Galen's ideas and advancing anatomical knowledge.

Highlighted poor living conditions as a cause of disease, leading to public health reforms.

Paul Ehrlich developed the first chemical drug to target specific bacteria, revolutionising treatment.

Led to urbanisation, worsening public health, but also advancements in medical research and hospitals.

Monasteries provided basic medical care and preserved medical knowledge through texts.

Allowed faster spread of medical ideas, such as Vesalius' anatomical discoveries.

Introduced antiseptic surgery using carbolic acid, reducing infection rates.

Led to advancements in surgery, blood transfusions, and prosthetics.

Watson and Crick identified the structure of DNA, enabling genetic research and treatments.

Ancient Greek physician who developed the theory of the Four Humours and emphasised clinical observation.

Published 'The Fabric of the Human Body,' challenging Galen's anatomical ideas through dissection.

Identified specific bacteria causing diseases like anthrax, tuberculosis, and cholera.

Encouraged scientific thinking and questioning traditional ideas, leading to medical advancements.

Improved hospital hygiene during the Crimean War, reducing death rates and professionalising nursing.